非定常多项式（英语：non-deterministic polynomial，缩写NP）时间复杂性类，或称非确定性多项式时间复杂性类，包含了可以在多项式时间内，对一个判定性算法问题的实例，一个给定的解是否正确的算法问题。

NP是计算复杂性理论中最重要的复杂性类之一。它包含复杂性类P，即在多项式时间内可以验证一个算法问题的实例是否有解的算法问题的集合；同时，它也包含NP完全问题，即在NP中“最难”的问题。计算复杂性理论的中心问题，P/NP问题即是判断对任意的NP完全问题，是否有有效的算法，或者NP与P是否相等。

In computational complexity theory, NP is one of the most fundamental complexity classes. The abbreviation NP refers to "nondeterministic polynomial time."

Intuitively, NP is the set of all decision problems for which the instances where the answer is "yes" have efficiently verifiable proofs of the fact that the answer is indeed "yes". More precisely, these proofs have to be verifiable in polynomial time by a deterministic Turing machine. In an equivalent formal definition, NP is the set of decision problems where the "yes"-instances can be accepted in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine. The equivalence of the two definitions follows from the fact that an algorithm on such a non-deterministic machine consists of two phases, the first of which consists of a guess about the solution, which is generated in a non-deterministic way, while the second consists of a deterministic algorithm that verifies or rejects the guess as a valid solution to the problem.