Cosmic rays are high energy particles generated in gigantic explosions throughout the universe that are constantly soaking all the space.

宇宙射线是整个宇宙巨大爆炸中产生的高能粒子，它们不断浸透所有空间。

These particle energies are usually measured in units called electron volts.

这些粒子能量通常以称为电子伏特的单位测量。

More recently, we have learned how to use electromagnetic fields to give particles energies of at first millions and then thousands of millions of electron volts.

最近，我们学会了如何使用电磁场为粒子提供最初数百万电子伏特和数亿电子伏特的能量。

There was a time in the very early universe when it was so hot that the particle energies would have been high enough for these transformations to take place.

在非常早期的宇宙中曾经有一段时间非常热，以至于粒子能量高到足以发生这些转变。

So we do something called direct energy conversion where we take the magnetic energy of the fusion system, the charged particle energy of the fuel, and directly extract that to electricity.

所以我们做了一些叫做直接能量转换的事情，我们将聚变系统的磁能，燃料的带电粒子能量直接提取为电能。