模拟（英语：Analogy，源自古希腊语：ἀναλογία，analogia，意为等比例的），或类推，是一种认知过程，将某个特定事物所附带的消息转移到其他特定事物之上。模拟通过比较两件事情，清楚揭示二者之间的相似点，并将已知事物的特点，推衍到未知事物中，但两者不一定有实质上的同源性，其模拟也不见得「合理」。在记忆、沟通与问题解决等过程中扮演重要角色；于不同学科中也有各自的定义。

举例而言，原子中的原子核以及由电子组成的轨域，可模拟成太阳系中行星环绕太阳的样子。除此之外，修辞学中的譬喻法有时也是一种模拟，例如将月亮比喻成银币。生物学中因趋同演化而形成的的同功或同型解剖构造，例如哺乳类、爬行类与鸟类的翅膀也是类似概念。

Analogy (from Greek ἀναλογία, analogia, "proportion") is a cognitive process of transferring information or meaning from a particular subject (the analogue or source) to another (the target), or a linguistic expression corresponding to such a process. In a narrower sense, analogy is an inference or an argument from one particular to another particular, as opposed to deduction, induction, and abduction, where at least one of the premises or the conclusion is general. The word analogy can also refer to the relation between the source and the target themselves, which is often, though not necessarily, a similarity, as in the biological notion of analogy.