异唇兰属（学名：Chiloschista）是兰科下的一个属，为附生兰。该属共有4种，分布于亚洲热带地区。

Chiloschista, abbreviated Chsch in the horticultural trade, is a genus of orchid, comprising 20 currently recognized species native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, Fiji and Micronesia. Unlike the majority of orchids, they tend to be leafless or with only a few occasional leaves, being composed principally of aerial roots equipped with photosynthetic cells.