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单词 Born approximation
释义

Born approximation

英语例句库

Antihydrogen formation in the laser-assisted positronium-antiproton collision is investigated in the first Born approximation.

在一级玻恩近似下,研究了在激光辅助的电子偶素-反质子碰撞中的反氢合成。

中文百科

玻恩近似

玻恩近似是量子力学中散射理论(en:Scattering_theory)中为求得李普曼施温格方程(en:Lippmann–Schwinger_equation)得近似解而提出的近似方法,由1954年诺贝尔奖得主玻恩提出。

量子力学中,散射理论的问题可表述为:

已知\mid\phi\rangle,亦即入射波函数,是哈密顿算符H_0的薛定谔方程的解:


H_0 \mid \phi\rangle =  E\mid \phi\rangle

H_0 + V的薛定谔方程解\mid\psi\rangle。 其中V是造成散射的势。 这一问题可写作李普曼施温格方程:

 | \psi^{(\pm)} \rangle = | \phi \rangle + \frac{1}{E - H_0 \pm i \epsilon} V |\psi^{(\pm)} \rangle. \,

其渐进形式en:Asymptotic_analysis可写成:

 
\langle \mathbf{x} \mid \psi^{(+)} \rangle \rightarrow \langle \mathbf{x} \mid \mathbf{k} \rangle - \frac{1}{4\pi}\frac{2m}{\hbar^2}\frac{e^{ikr}}{r} \int d^3x' e^{-i \mathbf{k}'\cdot \mathbf{x}'}V(\mathbf{x}')\langle \mathbf{x} \mid \psi^{(+)}\rangle

其中 \mid \psi^{(+)} \rangle为向外散射的波函数(数学上另有一向内‘散射’的波函数与之对应,但在散射问题中不必考虑)。

英语百科

Born approximation 玻恩近似

In scattering theory and, in particular in quantum mechanics, the Born approximation consists of taking the incident field in place of the total field as the driving field at each point in the scatterer. The Born approximation is named after Max Born who proposed this approximation in early days of quantum theory development.

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更新时间:2025/6/22 9:06:12