超视距作战，也称为视距外作战（Beyond Visual Range，BVR），泛指投射武器攻击目标时，是在目视无法看到目标的距离以外进行，使用包括使用望远设备，像是有放大功能的摄影机，协助观察与标定远距离目标并不包括在内。这个距离的长短目前尚未有明确而且统一的规定。不过大致上要在数十公里的距离以上才算。

这个名词开始备广泛使用是在描述空对空作战上面，当战机对目标发射飞弹的时候，飞行员是不是可以直接看到目标，或者是需要完全依赖其他设备的协助才能够发射武器。目前超视距作战是指战机发射雷达导引的空对空，这包含半主动雷达导引与主动雷达导引这两种飞弹。

Standoff missiles are missiles or bombs which may be launched at a distance sufficient to allow attacking personnel to evade defensive fire from the target area. Typically, they are used against land- and sea-based targets in an offensive operation. The name is derived from their ability to engage the target while standing off outside the range at which the defenders are likely to engage the attacker. Typical stand-off weapons include cruise missiles, glide bombs and short-range ballistic missiles.