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单词 Batu Khan
释义

Batu Khan

中文百科

拔都

Sitio de Kozelsk en 1239 por Batú Kan.
Destruction of the capital of Vladimir-Suzdal by Mongol armies. From the medieval Russian annals

拔都蒙古语:ᠪᠠᠲᠣ,转写Batu秘史记音:巴秃西里尔字母Бат1208年-1255年)是铁木真长子术赤的次子,是弘吉剌部按陈那颜的女儿兀乞旭真可敦的儿子。允文允武,蒙古金帐汗国的开创者。蒙古人因他对部下宽大,称他撒因汗。

1225年术赤去世,拔都受诸兄弟推戴继承父位。1235年,窝阔台召集库里尔台大会,听从二哥察合台建议,决定由各系宗王居长者统兵远征钦察人、基辅罗斯、波兰王国等国,是为蒙古第二次西征。而拔都又为诸王之长,遂领衔统率全军西出,因此又称为「长子西征」。1236-1241年,拔都率军征战上述诸国,大破钦察人、伏尔加保加利亚、基辅罗斯、加利西亚、摩尔达维亚、立陶宛大公国、波兰王国(时译“孛烈儿”)、匈牙利王国、保加利亚第二帝国、波西米亚与捷克、摩拉维亚与斯洛伐克、拉什卡、威尼斯共和国等国,先后击败波兰西里西亚公爵亨利二世所率领的日耳曼-波兰联军(神圣罗马帝国、波兰、波西米亚)以及匈牙利国王贝拉四世所率领的匈牙利军,席卷东欧与中欧,使基辅、布达佩斯等三十个城镇遭受摧毁与屠杀。但是在蒙古军企图继续进军威尼斯共和国的达尔马提亚的时候接到窝阔台汗死讯而引军东撤。

英语百科

Batu Khan 拔都

Destruction of the capital of Vladimir-Suzdal by Mongol armies. From the medieval Russian annals
Warriors of the Golden Horde sack Suzdal.
Béla IV flees from Mohi, detail from Chronicon Pictum

Batu Khan (/ˈbɑːt ˈkɑːn/; Mongolian:Бат хаан, Russian:хан Баты́й, Chinese:拔都, Tatar:Бату хан; c. 1207–1255), also known as Sain Khan (Mongolian:Good Khan, Сайн хаан) and Tsar Batu, was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, division of the Mongol Empire. Batu was a son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan. His ulus was the chief state of the Golden Horde, which ruled Rus', Volga Bulgaria, Cumania, and the Caucasus for around 250 years, after also destroying the armies of Poland and Hungary. "Batu" or "Bat" literally means "firm" in the Mongolian language. After the deaths of Genghis Khan's sons, he became the most respected prince called agha (elder brother) in the Mongol Empire.

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更新时间:2025/6/16 23:20:46