Hamartin, which is also known as a tumour suppressant, encourages a cellular recycling mechanism called autophagy.

错构瘤，也被称为肿瘤抑制剂，能促进被称为细胞自噬的细胞再生机理。

Recently, coffee and even decaf coffee have been shown to promote an anti-aging process called autophagy.

最近，咖啡甚至无咖啡因咖啡都被证明可以促进一种叫做自噬的抗衰老过程。

We know that it induces something called autophagy — I will speak more about this in a second.

我们知道它会引发一种叫做细胞自噬的机制 —— 这个我待会解释。

He starved cells in order to prove that the autophagy, or the self-eating mechanism of cells, existed in yeast cells.

他通过让细胞挨饿证明细胞自噬机制确实存在于酵母细胞中。

Autophagy, proteostasis and mitochondrial reproduction are three more of the 12 hallmarks of ageing.

自噬、蛋白质稳态和线粒体繁殖是 12 个衰老标志中的另外三个。

That way, the cells would use autophagy to send stuff to the vacuole.

这样，细胞就会利用自噬将物质输送到液泡。

He used this method to identify 15 genes that are crucial for autophagy.

他用这种方法鉴定了 15 个对自噬至关重要的基因。

Although autophagy was first discovered in the 1960s, it was Ohsumi's lab that explained how it worked and why it was significant.

虽然自噬作用在 1960 年代首次被发现，却是大隅良典的实验室解释了它的运作方式以及它为何重要。

So researchers are now looking for treatments for these diseases that target autophagy, which wouldn’t be possible without Ohsumi’s work.

因此，研究人员现在正在寻找针对自噬的这些疾病的治疗方法，如果没有 Ohsumi 的工作，这是不可能实现的。

During autophagy, a cell transports its broken-down components to a certain area where they’re taken apart, so that their chemical components can be reused.

在自噬过程中，细胞将其分解的成分运送到某个区域， 在那里它们被分解， 这样它们的化学成分就可以被重复使用。