核鱼雷为一种核子武器，采用核弹头或核动力的鱼雷，用于打击敌方水上水下目标，或邻近海岸目标，但因战术价值理由并未有核动力却搭配传统炸药弹头的鱼雷问世。

从核武器问世以来核鱼雷的概念几乎同时出现，一发就能消灭敌军大批舰队的武器具有大的诱惑性，吸引各国去研发。鱼雷在水中航行有搭载重型核弹头的可能，同时船舰航行速度较慢，尤其越重火力的船舰甚至航母速度越慢，核爆后辐射物又在水中阻隔，水中核爆又有隐蔽否认的可能性避免国际舆论抨击，多因素造成有其实战价值，相比空对空核飞弹的价值就较低，飞弹载重量小而目标飞机移动又快，核爆物质又会散于空气可能威胁本国国民。

In the U.S.S.R. and U.S. submarine navies during the cold war, nuclear torpedoes replaced some conventionally weaponized torpedoes.

The U.S.S.R. developed the T15, the T5 and the ASB-30. The only nuclear warhead torpedo used by the United States was the Mark 45 torpedo. In 2015, there were rumors that Russia was developing a new nuclear torpedo, the Status-6. The Soviet Union widely deployed T5 nuclear torpedoes in 1958 and the U.S. deployed its Mark 45 torpedo in 1963.