Listen to this hydrothermal vent deep under the ocean.

听一听来自深海的热液喷口。

To picture a hydrothermal vent, imagine an underwater volcano.

要想象深海热泉是什么样子，那就想象一下水下火山。

Things like hydrothermal vents or hot springs or volcanic settings.

比如热液喷口、温泉或火山环境。

Energy is particularly concentrated at the steep chemical gradients of hydrothermal vents.

能量特别集中在热液喷口的陡峭化学梯度上。

Oceanographer, Alex Rogers, joined an expedition which discovered a hydrothermal vent in the ocean near Antarctica.

海洋学家亚历克斯·罗杰斯参加了一个探险队，该探险队在南极洲附近的海域发现了一个深海热泉。

One place these pioneering organisms may have emerged is at hydrothermal vents, deep underwater.

这些先驱生物出现的其中一个地方是深海热泉和深海。

Because those hydrothermal vents underneath that sea might have created a very conducive environment for life.

因为海底的热液喷口可能为生命创造了非常有利的环境。

There are two kinds of hydrothermal vent: black smokers and white smokers.

黑烟囱和白烟囱。

Add to that any additional salt and minerals that would be expelled from hydrothermal vents or submarine volcanoes.

再加上从海底的热泉或火山排出的许多额外的盐和矿物。

The fish had been living near an underwater hot spring, known as a hydrothermal vent, in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

那条鱼生活在中大西洋海脊的一个水下热泉附近，也就是所谓的深海热液喷口。

Some of the most impressive deposits grow at hydrothermal vents, which are hot springs at the bottom of the ocean.

一些最令人惊叹的沉积物生长在热液喷口，也就是海底的温泉。

There's another line of evidence that points to hydrothermal vents: the Last Universal Common Ancestor of life, or LUCA for short.

最后的普遍共同生命的祖先，或简称 LUCA。

Deep at the bottom of our oceans, there are hydrothermal vents, which spew heated gas and liquid from beneath the sea bed.

地球上的海底深处，存在深海热泉喷口泉口会喷出海床下面产生的热气或热液。

Some live in hydrothermal vents – holes in the ocean floor hundreds of metres down where there's lots of pressure and no sunlight.

一些存活于热液喷口——据海平面千米以下的洞口，那里压力很大，没有光照。

(growling) (creepy music) Number nine are hydrothermal vents.

（咆哮）（令人毛骨悚然的音乐）九号是热液喷口。

Hydrothermal vents nourish millions of microscopic organisms, called chemoautotrophic bacteria, which create energy in the absence of sunlight.

热液喷口滋养着数以百万计的微生物，称为化学自养细菌，它们在没有阳光的情况下产生能量。

On Earth these are found, among other places, near deep-sea hydrothermal vents.

在地球上，这些物质被发现于深海热液喷口附近。

In 1977, a group of scientists discovered hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean.

1977 年，一群科学家在海底发现了热液喷口。

This is especially true near hydrothermal vents, where hot seawater mingles with calcium rich basalts.

在热液喷口附近尤其如此，那里的热海水与富含钙的玄武岩混合在一起。

But 100 years after Darwin's letter, deep-sea hydrothermal vents, or hot vents, were discovered in the ocean.

但是在达尔文写信 100 年后，人们在海洋中发现了深海热液喷口或热喷口。