特别行动队（德语：Einsatzgruppen，Einsatz是进入、介入的意思，gruppen解释为分队），简称别动队，又名突击队、行刑队。是纳粹德国的由占领区***中的一等兵组成的部队。一等兵也叫突击队员，所以别动队也叫突击队。他们的任务是大规模执行抓捕、屠杀、搜索的部队。与骷髅总队一样，别动队也是泛称，因为每个地区的普通亲卫队或武装亲卫队都有一等兵。早期特别行动队的任务为在德国占领区抓捕并杀害犹太人，尤其在苏联境内留下许多大量屠杀的影像。

别动队不是战斗部队。他们只对付手无寸铁的民众，并且公开大规模行动，这是与盖世太保有区别的地方。

Einsatzgruppen (German for "task forces", "deployment groups"; singular Einsatzgruppe; official full name Einsatzgruppen der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD) were Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass killings, primarily by shooting, during World War II. The Einsatzgruppen were involved in the murder of much of the intelligentsia and cultural elite of Poland, and had an integral role in the implementation of the Final Solution of the Jewish question (Die Endlösung der Judenfrage) in territories conquered by Nazi Germany. Almost all of the people they killed were civilians, beginning with the intelligentsia and swiftly progressing to Soviet political commissars, Jews, and Gypsies throughout Eastern Europe.