宣告式编程（英语：Declarative programming）是一种编程典范，与指令式编程相对立。它描述目标的性质，让电脑明白目标，而非流程。声明式编程不用告诉电脑问题领域，从而避免随之而来的副作用。而指令式编程则需要用算法来明确的指出每一步该怎幺做。

声明式编程通常被看做是形式逻辑的理论，把计算看做推导。声明式编程因大幅简化了并行计算的编写难度，自2009起备受关注。

声明式语言包括数据库查询语言（SQL，XQuery），正则表达式，逻辑编程，函数式编程和组态管理系统。

宣告式编程透过函数、推论规则或项重写（term-rewriting）规则，来描述变量之间的关系。它的语言运行器（编译器或解释器）采用了一个固定的算法，以从这些关系产生结果。

In computer science, declarative programming is a programming paradigm—a style of building the structure and elements of computer programs—that expresses the logic of a computation without describing its control flow.

Many languages that apply this style attempt to minimize or eliminate side effects by describing what the program must accomplish in terms of the problem domain, rather than describe how to accomplish it as a sequence of the programming language primitives (the how being left up to the language's implementation). This is in contrast with imperative programming, which implements algorithms in explicit steps.