电椅（Electric Chair）是美国于20世纪经常使用的一项死刑运行工具。

电椅的发明者为阿尔弗雷德·索思威克（Alfred P. Southwick），他曾受雇于爱迪生。实际上，爱迪生本人亦有参与电椅的发明计划。爱迪生参与发明电椅原本是为了打击对手的交流电公司——亦即西屋公司——为了证明交流电的危害性，最早他以狗、猫、猴子、马当成测试品，最后证明了交流电的危险性，他宣布：“交流电只适于处死待领场的狗或屠宰场的动物，还有处决死囚。”但最后，他的直流电公司还是倒闭了，因为交流电在使用上适合远距离传输、而比直流电更具竞争优势。

Execution by electrocution, usually performed using an electric chair, is an execution method originating in the United States in which the condemned person is strapped to a specially built wooden chair and electrocuted through electrodes placed on the head and leg. This execution method, conceived in 1881 by a Buffalo, New York dentist named Alfred P. Southwick, was developed throughout the 1880s as a humane alternative to hanging and first used in 1890. This execution method has been used in the United States and, for a period of several decades, in the Philippines (its first use there in 1924, last in 1976).