人类（Man）或者人族在J·R·R·托尔金的《魔戒》系列和《哈比人历险记》等众多作品所建构出来的中土世界里指的是一个人性化的种族。虽然哈比人有可能属于人类的分支，而迈雅们也拥有着部分人类的特质，但人类还是明显地有别于另外的几个种族。因为人类是稍后时期才出现在中土世界舞台的物种，人类（努曼诺尔人除外）一般而言不论是智能、体力、寿命，还是对自然界的反应都远远逊于最早诞生的精灵族，然而其适应力极强而且繁衍昌盛，使人类在第三纪元以后逐渐成为中土世界的主宰。

精灵们在昆雅语里称呼人类为亚塔尼（Atani），字面意思是第二族类（精灵为先）；另外亦可叫做希尔多（Hildor，意指追随者）、阿佩诺纳（Apanónar，较迟出生的）和费瑞玛（Fírimar，易亡者和凡人）。另一款不太友善的称号则是英格沃（Engwar，体弱多病的），因为人类面对着疾病和衰老都显得很脆弱，而且在精灵的眼中他们的衣着普遍都十分丑陋。其中「亚塔尼」在辛达林语之中变成了「伊甸」（Edain），这个字后来慢慢地就引申到解作那些和精灵关系友好的伊甸人。辛达林语对人类的其他写法还有Aphadrim、Eboennin以及Firebrim等。

In J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth books, such as The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, the terms Man and Men refer to humankind – in contrast to Elves, Dwarves, Orcs and other humanoid races – and does not denote gender.

The Elves call the race of Men Atani in Quenya, literally meaning "Second People" (the Elves being the First), but also Hildor (Followers), Apanónar (After-born), and Fírimar or Firyar (Mortals). Less charitably they were called Engwar (The Sickly), owing to their susceptibility to disease and old age, and their generally unlovely appearance in the Elves' eyes. The name Atani becomes Edain in Sindarin, but this term is later applied only to those tribes of Men who are friendly to the Elves. Other names appear in Sindarin as Aphadrim, Eboennin, and Firebrim or Firiath.