“Language is a test case for human cognitive development, ” says Schafer.

“语言是一种测试人类认知发展的案例，”Schafer说。

This is similar to the idea that dreams are part of our cognitive development.

这与梦是我们认知发展的一部分的观点有些相似。

More gray matter allows for more complex cognitive developments and more development means a higher IQ.

灰质越多，认知发展就越复杂，发展越多，智商就越高。

It has known to have a positive impact on cognitive development, emotional well-being, and social skills.

众所周知，它对认知发展、情感健康和社交技能有积极影响。

Trace amounts of the minerals iron, copper, zinc, and sodium are also fundamental to brain health and early cognitive development.

微量的矿物质铁、铜、锌及钠，对脑部健康和早期认知发育也很重要。

A usual, early bedtime, Anderson adds, " is also likely to have positive benefits on behavior and on social, emotional and cognitive development."

安德森补充说，早睡对孩子行为、社会、情绪以及认知发展有积极的影响。

Social isolation affects our emotional and cognitive development, a lot.

社会孤立会在很大程度上影响我们的情绪和认知发展。

One of the most effective strategies for enhancing learning and cognitive development is reflection.

加强学习和认知发展的最有效策略之一是反思。

In fact, a 2005 study found that mothers who consumed very few omega-3 fats or more likely to have children with lower cognitive development.

事实上，2005 年的一项研究发现，较少摄入欧米伽-3 脂肪的母亲，她们的孩子更有可能会认知发育较低。

And this, to Piaget, suggested that there were four different stages of cognitive development.

对皮亚杰来说，这表明认知发展有四个不同的阶段。

And so there are some in the field that think female cognitive development might be slightly more accelerated.

因此，该领域的一些人认为女性的认知发展可能会稍微加快一些。

Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in miscarriage, stillbirth and stunted cognitive and physical development of the fetus.

怀孕期间缺碘会导致流产、死产以及胎儿认知和身体发育迟缓。

Secondly, reading from paper has been proven to be more beneficial for cognitive development than reading from electronic devices.

其次，事实证明，从纸上阅读比从电子设备上阅读更有益于认知发展。

Now, American psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg later expanded on Piaget’s model of cognitive development to incorporate stages of moral development.

现在，美国心理学家劳伦斯·科尔伯格后来扩展了皮亚杰的认知发展模型，将道德发展阶段纳入其中。

This includes Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, who spent much of his career in the early 1900s studying cognitive development.

这其中包括瑞士心理学家让·皮亚杰 (Jean Piaget)，他在 1900 年代初期的职业生涯中大部分时间都在研究认知发展。

For instance, complex games that involve navigating through intricate worlds or managing virtual resources can stimulate cognitive development and adaptability.

例如，涉及在错综复杂的世界中导航或管理虚拟资源的复杂游戏可以刺激认知发展和适应性。

That means that a lot of people coming into the labour force, their cognitive and physical development may have been impaired.

这意味着很多人进入劳动力市场后，他们的认知和身体发育可能已经受损。

For children and youth, the devastating long-term effects of suffering through violence and conflict can lead to psychological trauma, and can have negative impacts on cognitive and social development.

对于孩子和青少年来说，遭受暴力和冲突的苦痛，所带来可怕的长期影响将会导致精神创伤，也会在认知与社交方面带来非常负面的影响。

Overall, the research suggests that traditional puzzles are an effective and accessible tool for aiding children's cognitive development, especially in the area of spatial skills.

总体而言，研究表明，传统拼图是帮助儿童认知发展的有效且易于使用的工具，尤其是在空间技能方面。

Another way scientists have tried to define adulthood is by measuring cognitive development — when are you able to learn and complete mental tasks at the same efficiency as older adults?

科学家定义成年期的另一种方法是衡量认知发育——你什么时候能与更年长的成年人具有相同的效率来学习和完成脑力劳动？