真腊（高棉语：ចេនឡា；越南语：Chân Lạp；同时期的占婆碑铭以kmir称之）是中南半岛的一个农业古国，地占今之柬埔寨北部和老挝南部，中心在老挝巴龟一带，建都伊奢那城。其居民是孟—高棉人的一支，据《隋书》载当地：“人形小而色黑，妇人亦有白者。悉拳发垂耳，性气捷劲。”

公元627年之前，真腊只是扶南的北部属国。扶南国之强盛，跟东南亚的海上贸易是分不开的。来自地中海、印度、中东和非洲的商人经马来半岛和暹罗湾去往中国之前，总要到扶南境内的俄厄城进行休整；但是取道巽他海峡的南方航线出现后，商人们纷纷绕开扶南，利用巽他海峡的转运站将商品直接运往中国。扶南国势日衰，领土收缩，属国相继独立。公元514年，扶南国王憍陈如阇耶跋摩死后，长子留陀跋摩杀嫡弟自立，加剧了国家的内部争斗。

Chenla (simplified Chinese:真腊; traditional Chinese:真臘; pinyin:Zhēnlà; Wade–Giles:Chēn-là; Khmer:ចេនឡា; Vietnamese:Chân Lạp) is the Chinese designation for the successor polity of the Kingdom of Funan preceding the Khmer Empire that existed from around the late sixth to the early ninth century in Indochina. The name was still used in the 13th century by the Chinese envoy Zhou Daguan, author of The Customs of Cambodia. However, modern historiography applies the name exclusively to the period from the late 6th to the early ninth century.