Hobbled by stagnation, secession, and wars of independence, the Ottoman Empire was by now staggering on the fringes of geopolitics, being known as " the sick man of Europe" .

由于经济停滞、分裂和独立战争，奥斯曼帝国摇摇晃晃地站在地缘政治的边缘，被称为“欧洲病夫”。

In 1923 after the first world war and the Turkish war of independence, the new Turkish Republic signed the Treaty of Lausanne which demilitarized the Turkish straits and opened them up to unrestricted civilian maritime traffic.

1923 年，在第一次世界大战和土耳其独立战争结束之后，新的土耳其共和国签署了《洛桑条约》，将土耳其海峡非军事化，并对不受限制的民用海上交通开放。