铀（Uranium）是一种银白色金属化学元素，属于元素周期表中的锕系，化学符号为U，原子序为92。每个铀原子有92个质子和92个电子，其中6个为价电子。铀具微放射性，其同位素都不稳定，并以铀-238（146个中子）和铀-235（143个中子）最为常见。铀在天然放射性核素中原子量第二高，仅次于钚。其密度比铅高出大约70%，比金和钨低。天然的泥土、岩石和水中含有百万分之一至百万分之十左右的铀。采矿工业从沥青铀矿等矿物中提取出铀元素。

自然界中的铀以三种同位素的形式存在：铀-238（99.2739至99.2752%）、铀-235（0.7198至0.7202%）、和微量的铀-234（0.0050至0.0059%）。铀在衰变的时候释放出α粒子。铀-238的半衰期为44.7亿年，铀-235的则为7.04亿年，因此它们被用于估算地球的年龄。

Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons. Uranium is weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are unstable (with half-lives of the six naturally known isotopes, uranium-233 to uranium-238, varying between 69 years and 4.5 billion years). The most common isotopes in natural uranium are uranium-238 (which has 146 neutrons and accounts for over 99%) and uranium-235 (which has 143 neutrons). Uranium has the second highest atomic weight of the primordially occurring elements, lighter only than plutonium. Its density is about 70% higher than that of lead, and slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten. It occurs naturally in low concentrations of a few parts per million in soil, rock and water, and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite.