泛音，在声学和音乐中，指一个声音中除了基频外其他频率的音。

乐器或人声等自然发出的音，一般都不会只包含一个频率（参见纯音），而是可以分解成若干个不同频率的音的叠加。声音的波形是具有周期性的，因此根据傅里叶变换的理论，声音可以分解成若干个不同频率纯音的叠加。这些频率都是某一频率的倍数，这一频率就称作基频，也就决定了这个音的音高。假设某个音的基频为f，则频率为2f的音称为第二泛音，频率为3f的音称为第三泛音，等等。

基音和不同泛音的能量比例关系是决定一个音的音色的核心因素。并能使人明确地感到基音的响度。乐器和自然界里所有的音都有泛音。

An overtone is any frequency greater than the fundamental frequency of a sound. Using the model of Fourier analysis, the fundamental and the overtones together are called partials. Harmonics, or more precisely, harmonic partials, are partials whose frequencies are integer multiples of the fundamental (including the fundamental which is 1 times itself). These overlapping terms are variously used when discussing the acoustic behavior of musical instruments. (See etymology below.) The model of Fourier analysis provides for the inclusion of inharmonic partials, which are partials whose frequencies are not whole-number ratios of the fundamental (such as 1.1 or 2.14179).