廷得耳效应（英语：Tyndall effect）指光被悬浮的胶体粒子（例如：乳剂、混悬剂）散射。

当一束光线透过胶体，从入射光的垂直方向可以观察到胶体里出现的一条光亮的“通路”，这种现象叫丁达尔现象，也叫丁达尔效应、丁泽尔现象、丁泽尔效应。

在光的传播过程中，光线照射到粒子时，如果粒子大于入射光波长很多倍，则发生光的反射；如果粒子小于入射光波长，则发生光的散射，这时观察到的是光波环绕微粒而向其四周放射的光，称为散射光或乳光。

丁达尔效应就是光的散射现象或称乳光现象。由于溶胶粒子大小一般不超过100 nm，胶体粒子介于溶液中溶质粒子和浊液粒子之间，其大小在1～100nm。小于可见光波长（400 nm～700 nm），因此，当可见光透过溶胶时会产生明显的散射作用。而对于真溶液，虽然分子或离子更小，但因散射光的强度随散射粒子体积的减小而明显减弱，因此，真溶液对光的散射作用很微弱。此外，散射光的强度还随分散体系中粒子浓度增大而增强。所以说，胶体能有丁达尔现象，而溶液几乎没有，可以采用丁达尔现象来区分胶体和溶液。

The Tyndall effect, also known as Tyndall scattering, is light scattering by particles in a colloid or else particles in a very fine suspension. It is named after the 19th-century physicist John Tyndall. It is similar to Rayleigh scattering, in that the intensity of the scattered light depends on the fourth power of the frequency, so blue light is scattered much more strongly than red light. An example in everyday life is the blue colour sometimes seen in the smoke emitted by motorcycles, in particular two-stroke machines where the burnt engine oil provides the particles.