护民官（Tribune）是罗马共和国的政治职务。是罗马古代各种军事和民政官员的总称。

平民护民官在公元前471年起由平民大会选举，他们担任平民大会主席，因而能够表达平民的要求。

在公元前450年起，制度上任命10名平民护民官。他们的职责是保护人民，有权否决元老院或执政官发布的命令。他们有权召开平民大会并作为其主席，这也使他们拥有提出立法建议的权力。从公元前300年起，大多数立法是由护民官提出来通过的。护民官的权力来自罗马平民发誓捍卫护民官，因此其权力仅限于罗马，而不能影响其他省份。

护民官后来发展成罗马最有权势的职位之一，因为在法律上来说，一个贵族不可能参加平民大会、成为护民官，所以第一位罗马皇帝奥古斯都架空了护民官的权力，使护民官如同虚设。

Tribunus, in English tribune, was the title of various elected officials in Ancient Rome. The two most important were the tribunes of the plebs and the military tribunes. For most of Roman history, a college of ten Tribunes of the Plebs acted as a check on the authority of the senate and the annual magistrates, holding the power of ius intercessionis to intervene on behalf of the plebeians, and veto unfavourable legislation. There were also military tribunes, who commanded portions of the Roman army, subordinate to the higher magistrates, such as the consuls and praetors, promagistrates, and their legates. Various officers within the Roman army were also known as tribunes. The title was also used for several other positions and classes in the course of Roman history.