Thalassemia is a group of inherited blood disorders.

地中海贫血是一组遗传性血液疾病。

These are diseases like sickle cell anemia or beta thalassemia.

比如镰状细胞性贫血或β地中海贫血。

And alpha thalassemia is caused by mutations in the alpha genes, most commonly a gene deletion.

而α地中海贫血是由α基因变异引起的，最常见的原因是基因缺失。

Usually, patients with mild thalassemia don't need treatment, while patients with severe thalassemia are treated with blood transfusions.

通常情况下，轻度地中海贫血无需治疗，而重度地贫患者需输血治疗。

If a person has two defective alpha genes, the person has alpha thalassemia minor, which causes mild symptoms.

如果有2个α基因异常，则会出现轻度α地中海贫血，会引起轻微的症状。

With moderate alpha thalassemia, there may be golf-ball like RBCs, due to precipitated HbH molecules.

中度α地中海贫血患者，由于HbH分子沉积，可见高尔夫球样红细胞。

The initial symptoms of minor and moderate alpha thalassemia are due to anemia, which include pallor, shortness of breath, and easy fatigability.

轻度和中度α地中海贫血的首发症状往往是贫血，表现为苍白、气促、乏力。

All right, as a quick recap: alpha thalassemia is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deletion of alpha globin genes on chromosome 16.

得！快速回顾一下：α地中海贫血是一种常染色体隐性遗传病，由16号染色体上的α珠蛋白基因缺陷引起。

To prevent complications from an existing blood or bleeding disorder, such as sickle cell disease, thalassemia, or anaemia caused by kidney disease, haemophilia, or von Willebrand disease.

预防现有血液或出血性疾病的并发症，如镰状细胞病、地中海贫血或由肾脏疾病、血友病或血管性血友病引起的贫血。