板球对抗赛，或称测试赛（英语：Test Cricket），是各种板球比赛中时间最长者。只有由国际板球理事会裁定具备参与对抗赛资格的国家队才可举办和参与对抗赛。比赛时，两队各派十一人进行四局比赛，赛事可长达五天。板球对抗赛被普遍认为是对球队的比赛能力和耐力的最完整考验，故板球对抗赛在英语以「测试」（Test）为名。

历史上公认的首场板球对抗赛于1877年3月15日在墨尔本板球场举行，澳洲队在该场赛事以45分击败英格兰队。一百年后，一场纪念赛于1977年3月12至17日在墨尔本举行，澳洲队同样以45分击败英格兰队。

Test cricket is the longest form of the sport of cricket and is considered its highest standard. Test matches are played between national representative teams with "Test status", as determined by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The two teams of 11 players play a four-innings match, which may last up to five days (or longer in some historical cases). It is generally considered the most complete examination of teams' playing ability and endurance. The origin of the name Test stems from the long, gruelling match being a "test" of the relative strength of the two sides.