However some of its surface proteins are still vulnerable to the destabilizing effect of hand sanitizer.

然而有些鼻病毒表面的蛋白质依然容易受到免洗洗手液的影响。

Studies suggest the virus needs the help of another cell surface protein called TMPRSS2 to infect cells.

有研究表明，这种病毒需要另一种名为TMPRSS2的细胞表面蛋白的帮助才能感染细胞。

These bacteria are called early colonizers, and they attach to the surfaces using bacterial surface proteins called adhesins.

这些细菌叫做早期定植菌，它们可以通过一种叫做黏附素的细菌表面蛋白黏附在薄膜表面。

In fact, the combination of surface proteins that are on an immune cell works a bit like an ID card.

事实上，免疫细胞表面蛋白的结合有点像身份证。

Both use a common cold virus as the vector and different surface proteins.

两者都使用普通感冒病毒作为载体和不同的表面蛋白。

These surface proteins act kind of like a serving platter, presenting molecules from within the cell for the immune system to continually sample.

这些膜表面蛋白像一个上菜的盘子一样，呈递细胞内的分子供免疫系统持续采样。

Fang's team designed a small sensor carrying three types of synthetic molecules that can simultaneously recognize surface proteins on SARS-CoV-2, H5N1, and H1N1.

该团队设计了一个携带三种合成分子的小型传感器，可以同时识别新冠病毒、甲型H5N1流感病毒和甲型H1N1流感病毒的表面蛋白。

HIV and SIV are both able to do this because of a surface protein that mutates to avoid the body's immune system.

HIV 和 SIV 都能够做到这一点， 因为表面蛋白会发生变异以避开人体的免疫系统。

Various immune cells, including B-cells have surface proteins or markers that are called CD, short for cluster of differentiation, along with a number - like CD19 or CD21.

包括B细胞在内的各种免疫细胞都有表面蛋白或标记物，称为CD，分化簇的英文缩写，后面常跟数字，如CD19或CD21。

Nivolumab and lambrolizumab gum up another surface protein, PD-1; and a fourth, so new that it still goes by its laboratory identifier of MPDL3280A, binds to PD-L1, a protein that would otherwise help PD-1 to do its job.

Nivolumab和lambrolizumab扰乱另一种表面蛋白PD-1。第四种蛋白最近才发现，还使用着实验室标识符MPDL3280A，它可以绑定到PD-L1上，而PD-L1会反过来协助PD-1蛋白完成任务。