超临界流体（英语：Supercritical fluid, SCF）是一种物质状态，当物质在超过临界温度及临界压力以上，气体与液体的性质会趋近于类似，最后会达成一个均匀相之流体现象。超临界流体类似气体具有可压缩性，可以像气体一样发生泻流，而且又兼具有类似液体的流动性，密度一般都介于0.1到1.0g/ml之间。

接近临界点时，压力或者温度的小变化会导致密度发生很大变化，因此使得超临界流体的许多特性可以被「精细调整」。超临界流体适合作为工业和实验室过程中的溶剂，而且可以取代许多有机溶剂。二氧化碳和水是最常用的超临界流体，分别被用于脱除咖啡因和发电。

A supercritical fluid (SCF) is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point, where distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist. It can effuse through solids like a gas, and dissolve materials like a liquid. In addition, close to the critical point, small changes in pressure or temperature result in large changes in density, allowing many properties of a supercritical fluid to be "fine-tuned". Supercritical fluids are suitable as a substitute for organic solvents in a range of industrial and laboratory processes. Carbon dioxide and water are the most commonly used supercritical fluids, being used for decaffeination and power generation, respectively.