伊格纳兹·菲利普·塞麦尔维斯（Ignatius Philipp Semmelweis，1818年7月1日－1865年8月13日），匈牙利产科医师，现代产科消毒法倡导者之一。

他在维也纳（1847-1849年）和布达佩斯（1850年）医院产科工作时，经过细致观察，证实了产褥热是由于接生人员的手或器械受到污染传染产妇引起的败血症；于是他提倡使用漂白粉溶液消毒接生人员的手和器械；后来采用这种方法的医院产褥热死亡率显着减少。

Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (born Semmelweis Ignác Fülöp; 1 July 1818 – 13 August 1865) was a Hungarian physician of German extraction now known as an early pioneer of antiseptic procedures. Described as the "savior of mothers", Semmelweis discovered that the incidence of puerperal fever (also known as "childbed fever") could be drastically cut by the use of hand disinfection in obstetrical clinics. Puerperal fever was common in mid-19th-century hospitals and often fatal, with mortality at 10%–35%. Semmelweis proposed the practice of washing hands with chlorinated lime solutions in 1847 while working in Vienna General Hospital's First Obstetrical Clinic, where doctors' wards had three times the mortality of midwives' wards. He published a book of his findings in Etiology, Concept and Prophylaxis of Childbed Fever.