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单词 Schrodinger Picture
释义

Schrodinger Picture

中文百科

薛丁格绘景 Schrödinger picture

(重定向自Schrodinger Picture)
埃尔温·薛丁格

薛丁格绘景(Schrödinger picture)是量子力学的一种表述,为纪念物理学者埃尔温·薛丁格而命名。在薛丁格绘景里,量子系统的态矢量随着时间流易而演化,而像位置、自旋一类的对应于可观察量的算符则与时间无关。

薛丁格绘景与海森堡绘景、狄拉克绘景不同。在海森堡绘景里,对应于可观察量的算符会随着时间流易而演化,而描述量子系统的态矢量则与时间无关。在狄拉克绘景里,态矢量与算符都会随着时间流易而演化。

这三种绘景殊途同归,所获得的结果完全一致。这是必然的,因为它们都是在表达同样的物理现象。

在薛丁格绘景里,负责时间演化的算符是一种幺正算符,称为时间演化算符。假设时间从t_0流易到t,而经过这段时间间隔,态矢量|\psi(t_0)\rang演化为态矢量|\psi(t)\rang,这时间演化过程以方程序表示为

英语百科

Schrödinger picture 薛丁格绘景

Erwin Schrödinger (1887 – 1961)  Schrödinger shared the 1933 Nobel Prize in physics together with Paul Dirac for his contributions to quantum mechanics.

In physics, the Schrödinger picture (also called the Schrödinger representation) is a formulation of quantum mechanics in which the state vectors evolve in time, but the operators (observables and others) are constant with respect to time. This differs from the Heisenberg picture which keeps the states constant while the observables evolve in time, and from the interaction picture in which both the states and the observables evolve in time. The Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures are related as active and passive transformations and commutation relations between operators are preserved in the passage between the two pictures.

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更新时间:2025/6/22 22:25:11