跳跃式传导（英语：saltatory conduction）是动作电位沿有髓鞘轴突由一个兰氏结传导到下一个兰氏结的过程，它能在不增加轴突直径的情况下增加动作电位的神经传导速度（nerve conduction velocity）。只有兰氏结能产生动作电位，该电位以跳跃的方式进行传导，一定长度的轴突内需产生动作电位的次数较少，所以有髓鞘轴突中动作电位传导的速度较无髓鞘轴突的传导快。“跳跃式传导”译自英文“saltatory conduction”，而其中的“saltatory”源于拉丁文“saltare”（意为“跳跃”）。

Saltatory conduction (from the Latin saltare, to hop or leap) is the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of Ranvier to the next node, increasing the conduction velocity of action potentials. The uninsulated nodes of Ranvier are the only places along the axon where ions are exchanged across the axon membrane, regenerating the action potential between regions of the axon that are insulated by myelin, unlike electrical conduction in a simple circuit.