Ringer's solution

Ringer's solution is a solution of several salts dissolved in water for the purpose of creating an isotonic solution relative to the bodily fluids of an animal. Ringer's solution typically contains sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate, with the last used to balance the pH. Other additions can include chemical fuel sources for cells, including ATP and dextrose, as well as antibiotics and antifungals.