詹姆士·哈罗德·威尔逊，里沃的威尔逊男爵，KG，OBE，FRS，PC（James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx，1916年3月11日－1995年5月24日），英国政治家，两任首相。他曾分别在1964年、1966年、1974年2月和10月的大选中胜出，虽然每次在大选只是险胜，但综合而言，他在大选获胜的次数，冠绝所有20世纪的其他首相。相较其他同时代的政客，他被普遍认为是一位知识型的政客。

James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG,OBE,PC,FRS,FSS (11 March 1916 –24 May 1995) was a British Labour Party politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1964 to 1970 and 1974 to 1976.

First entering Parliament in 1945, Wilson was immediately appointed the Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Works and rose quickly through the ministerial ranks, becoming the Secretary for Overseas Trade in 1947 and being appointed to the Cabinet just months later as the President of the Board of Trade. Later, in the Labour Shadow Cabinet, he served first as Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1955 to 1961 and then as the Shadow Foreign Secretary from 1961 to 1963, when he was elected Leader of the Labour Party after the sudden death of Hugh Gaitskell. Wilson narrowly won the 1964 election, going on to win a much increased majority in a snap 1966 election.