Many countries still use price ceilings: take Venezuela.

以委内瑞拉为例。

Rent control is another type of price ceiling.

房租管制是另一种价格上限。

The lower the price ceiling, the more the dead weight loss and inefficiency.

价格上限越低，无谓损失越多，效率越低。

So the quantity produced at the price ceiling is not allocatively efficient.

因此，在价格上限水平上产生的数量并不能进行有效分配。

When the government sets a maximum price for a specific good or service, that's a price ceiling.

政府为某一特定商品或服务设定的最高价格就是价格上限。

Now, government policies like price ceilings and floors often fail to make all of us better off.

现在，价格上限和下限等政府政策不能让我们所有人都更富裕。

Assume the equilibrium price for gas is 3 dollars and the government sets a price ceiling here at only 1 dollars.

假设汽油的均衡价格是3美元，而政府为它设定的价格上限仅为1美元。

Keep in mind that the price ceiling only has an effect on the market when it's below the equilibrium price.

请记住，价格上限只有在价格低于均衡价格时才会对市场产生影响。

Pretty much all of them think that price ceilings on rent reduce the quantity and quality of the housing that's available.

几乎所有人都认为，房租的价格上限会降低现有住房的数量和质量。