极地涡旋

极地涡旋是一种持续的、大规模的气旋，且只发生于地球的极地，介于对流层和平流层的中部和上部。这种涡旋在极夜的时候最为强大，因为此时的温度梯度是最大，但持续缩减，到夏季甚至会消失。南极极地涡旋比北极极地涡旋更为显着，持续时间也更长。这是因为北半球高纬度地质因素增强了罗斯比波，而就是罗斯比波引起涡旋的破裂；与之相比，在南半球涡旋则更为稳定。北极涡旋形状上是瘦长的，有两个中心，一个在加拿大的巴芬岛，而另一个在西伯利亚的东北部。

南极极地涡旋的化学现象已经导致严重的臭氧消耗。极地同温层云团中的硝酸与CFC反应生成氯，也就是对臭氧的光化学破坏。氯在冬天的极夜中凝聚、堆积，到春天（9月／10月），持续的臭氧破坏也将更为严重。这些云只能在-80°C以下形成，故而较为暖和的北极区域形成不了臭氧层空洞。

Polar vortex 极地涡旋

The Arctic polar vortexThe typical polar vortex configuration in November, 2013...A wavy polar vortex on January 5, 2014.

Map of a blobs spreading from the Arcitc

Low pressure area over Quebec and Maine, part of the northern polar vortex weakening, on the record-setting cold morning of January 21, 1985

Polar vortex and weather impacts due to stratospheric warming

A polar vortex is a upper level low pressure zone, the lies near the Earth's pole. There are two polar vortices in the Earth's atmosphere, which overlie the North, and South Poles. Each polar vortex is a persistent, large-scale, low pressure zone that rotates counter-clockwise at the North Pole (called an cyclone), and clockwise at the South Pole. The bases of the two polar vortices are located in the middle and upper troposphere and extend into the stratosphere. Beneath that lies a large mass of cold, dense arctic air. The vortices weaken and strengthen from year to year. When the vortex of the arctic is strong it is well defined, there is a single vortex and the arctic air is well contained; when weaker, which it generally is, it will break into two or more vortices; when very weak, the flow of arctic air becomes more disorganized and masses of cold arctic air can push equatorward, bringing with it a rapid and sharp temperature drop. The interface between the cold dry air mass of the pole and the warm moist air mass further south defines the location of the polar front. The polar front is centered, roughly at 60° latitude. A polar vortex strengthens in the winter and weakens in the summer due to its dependence on the temperature difference between the equator and the poles. The vortices span less than 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) in diameter within which they rotate counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, and in a clockwise fashion in the Southern Hemisphere. As with other cyclones, their rotation is driven by the Coriolis effect.

单词	Polar vortex
释义	Polar vortex 原声例句当月 CNN 10 学生英语 2021年1月合集 Polar vortex is so much fun to say. 极地涡旋听起来很有趣。 CNN 10 学生英语 2019年2月合集 The air that lives beneath the polar vortex. 生活在极涡下面的空气。 CNN 精选 2015年12月合集 Is it La Nina, polar vortex, stationary wave, or El Nino? 是拉尼娜现象, 极涡、驻波还是厄尔尼诺现象? 当月 CNN 10 学生英语 2021年2月合集 Meteorologists say that pesky polar vortex is to blame. 气象学家称，令人讨厌的极地涡旋是罪魁祸首。当月 CNN 10 学生英语 2021年1月合集 Forecasters say there could be some movement in the polar vortex. 气象预报员说，极地涡旋可能会有一些活动。 CNN 10 学生英语 2019年2月合集 The only way to be in the polar vortex is to be in an airplane. 在极地漩涡中的唯一方法就是乘坐飞机。 CNN 10 学生英语 2019年2月合集 One phrase we often hear when this kind of cold settles in is polar vortex. 当这种寒冷降临时，我们经常听到的一个短语就是极涡。 VOA Special 2014年1月合集 But the polar vortex did not have the same effect everywhere. 但是这次极地涡旋在各地的影响并不相同。当月 CNN 10 学生英语 2021年2月合集 There's this thing called the polar vortex we've told you about before. 这是我曾经在节目中提到过的极地涡旋。科学60秒 2018年9月合集 What happened I think, we get warmer arctic in general kind of favors these polar vortex disruptions. “一般来说，更温暖的北极增强了这些极地涡旋的破坏作用。 VOA Special 2014年1月合集 The polar vortex brought the coldest temperatures in more than 20 years to many areas. 这次极地涡旋给许多地区造成20多年来最寒冷的天气。科学60秒听力 2014年1月合集 And that means the recent bitter chill of the polar vortex wasn't unusual for prompting climate skepticism. 这就意味着，近期的极地斡旋带来的严寒并不是普通的迅速导致气候变化这种怀疑论观点的例证。 VOA Special 2014年1月合集 A polar vortex is a cold, thick low pressure system. The air turns counter-clockwise when on the move. 极地涡旋是一种寒冷而强烈的低气压系统，气流按照逆时针方向运动。 AP 听力 2014年1月合集 The polar vortex continues to drive temperatures down as much of the Eastern United States battles wind-chills below zero. 极地涡旋将继续带来持续低温，美国东部大分部地区经历强风天气，温度在0度以下。 VOA Special 2014年1月合集 The polar vortex started up in Canada. After crossing the border, it moved deep into the southeastern United States. 该极地涡旋从加拿大开始。穿越边境后进一步深入美国东南部。当月 CNN 10 学生英语 2021年2月合集 I'm sure you've heard all about blizzards and the polar vortex, Carl, but what about ice pancakes, bites or jams. 我相信你一定听说过暴风雪和极地涡旋，卡尔，但你听说过煎饼、刨冰和果酱吗？慢速美音 The polar vortex brought the coldest temperatures in more than 20 years to many areas. Anise Jenkins lives in Washington, D.C. 这次极地涡旋给很多地区带来了20多年来的最冷天气。阿妮丝·詹金斯居住在华盛顿特区。 VOA Special 2014年1月合集 A weather system known as a polar vortex brought dangerously cold weather to large parts of the United States this week. 本周，一种被称为“极地涡旋”的天气系统为美国大部分地区带来危险的寒冷天气。 VOA Special 2014年1月合集 The effect of the polar vortex was extensive. Airline companies cancelled more than 11,000 flights over a four day period. 这次极地涡旋造成了很大的影响。四天之内，航空公司取消了超过11,000个航班。 CNN 听力 2014年11月合集 Normally, between the polar vortex stays where it's supposed to be-in the North Pole, trapping frigid air up where it belongs. 通常, 位于北极的极地漩涡限制住了寒冷空气。中文百科极地涡旋极地涡旋是一种持续的、大规模的气旋，且只发生于地球的极地，介于对流层和平流层的中部和上部。这种涡旋在极夜的时候最为强大，因为此时的温度梯度是最大，但持续缩减，到夏季甚至会消失。南极极地涡旋比北极极地涡旋更为显着，持续时间也更长。这是因为北半球高纬度地质因素增强了罗斯比波，而就是罗斯比波引起涡旋的破裂；与之相比，在南半球涡旋则更为稳定。北极涡旋形状上是瘦长的，有两个中心，一个在加拿大的巴芬岛，而另一个在西伯利亚的东北部。南极极地涡旋的化学现象已经导致严重的臭氧消耗。极地同温层云团中的硝酸与CFC反应生成氯，也就是对臭氧的光化学破坏。氯在冬天的极夜中凝聚、堆积，到春天（9月／10月），持续的臭氧破坏也将更为严重。这些云只能在-80°C以下形成，故而较为暖和的北极区域形成不了臭氧层空洞。英语百科 Polar vortex 极地涡旋 A polar vortex is a upper level low pressure zone, the lies near the Earth's pole. There are two polar vortices in the Earth's atmosphere, which overlie the North, and South Poles. Each polar vortex is a persistent, large-scale, low pressure zone that rotates counter-clockwise at the North Pole (called an cyclone), and clockwise at the South Pole. The bases of the two polar vortices are located in the middle and upper troposphere and extend into the stratosphere. Beneath that lies a large mass of cold, dense arctic air. The vortices weaken and strengthen from year to year. When the vortex of the arctic is strong it is well defined, there is a single vortex and the arctic air is well contained; when weaker, which it generally is, it will break into two or more vortices; when very weak, the flow of arctic air becomes more disorganized and masses of cold arctic air can push equatorward, bringing with it a rapid and sharp temperature drop. The interface between the cold dry air mass of the pole and the warm moist air mass further south defines the location of the polar front. The polar front is centered, roughly at 60° latitude. A polar vortex strengthens in the winter and weakens in the summer due to its dependence on the temperature difference between the equator and the poles. The vortices span less than 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) in diameter within which they rotate counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, and in a clockwise fashion in the Southern Hemisphere. As with other cyclones, their rotation is driven by the Coriolis effect.
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