语音识别（speech recognition；语音辨识／言语辨别）技术，也被称为自动语音识别（英语：Automatic Speech Recognition, ASR）、电脑语音识别（英语：Computer Speech Recognition）或是语音转文本识别（英语：Speech To Text, STT），其目标是以电脑自动将人类的语音内容转换为相应的文本。与说话人识别及说话人确认不同，后者尝试识别或确认发出语音的说话人而非其中所包含的词汇内容。

语音识别技术的应用包括语音拨号、语音导航、室内设备控制、语音文档检索、简单的听写数据录入等。语音识别技术与其他自然语言处理技术如机器翻译及语音合成技术相结合，可以构建出更加复杂的应用，例如语音到语音的翻译。

Speech recognition (SR) is the inter-disciplinary sub-field of computational linguistics which incorporates knowledge and research in the linguistics, computer science, and electrical engineering fields to develop methodologies and technologies that enables the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers and computerized devices such as those categorized as smart technologies and robotics. It is also known as "automatic speech recognition" (ASR), "computer speech recognition", or just "speech to text" (STT).