重氮化合物（Diazo）是一类含氮的有机化合物，通式为R₂C=N₂，一般指脂肪族重氮化合物，大多具爆炸性。重氮化合物中的重氮基有多个共振式，中间氮原子带有部分正电荷，两端的碳和氮原子带负电荷。α-重氮酮和α-重氮酯中的负电荷可以离域到羰基上去，因此比较稳定。

最简单的重氮化合物是重氮甲烷，是个不稳定的黄色气体。除重氮甲烷外，重氮乙酸乙酯（N₂CHCOOEt）也是较常用的重氮化合物。

另一个与重氮化合物类似的官能团是（双吖丙啶）Diazirine，是含有由两个氮原子和一个碳原子组成的三元环的衍生物。

重氮化合物有如下共振式：

Diazo refers to a type of organic compound called diazo compound that has two linked nitrogen atoms (azo) as a terminal functional group. The general formula is R₂C=N₂. The simplest example of a diazo compound is diazomethane. The electronic structure of diazo compounds involves a positive charge on the central nitrogen and negative charge distributed between the terminal nitrogen and the carbon. Some of the most stable diazo compounds are α-diazo-ß-diketones and α-diazo-ß-diesters since the negative charge is delocalized into the carbonyls. In contrast, most alkyldiazo compounds are explosive. A commercially relevant diazo compound is ethyl diazoacetate (N₂CHCOOEt). A group of isomeric compounds with only few similar properties are the diazirines, where the carbon and two nitrogens are linked as a ring.