儒略历，是格里历的前身，由罗马共和国独裁官儒略·凯撒采纳埃及亚历山大的希腊数学家兼天文学家索西琴尼计算的历法，在公元前45年1月1日起执行，取代旧罗马历历法的一种历法。一年设12个月，大**交替，四年一闰，平年365日，闰年于二月底增加一闰日，年平均长度为365.25日。由于累积误差随着时间越来越大，1582年后被教皇格里高利十三世改善，变为格里历，即沿用至今的公历。现今儒略历只有阿索斯神权共和国和一些北非的柏柏尔人使用。

The Julian calendar, introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect in 45 BC (709 AUC), shortly after the Roman conquest of Egypt. It was the predominant calendar in the Roman world, most of Europe, and in European settlements in the Americas and elsewhere, until it was refined and gradually replaced by the Gregorian calendar, promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. The Julian calendar gains against the mean tropical year at the rate of one day in 128 years. For the Gregorian the figure is one day in 3,226 years. The difference in the average length of the year between Julian (365.25 days) and Gregorian (365.2425 days) is 0.002%.