By this yardstick, nominal rates are already in restrictive territory.

按照这个标准，名义利率已经处于限制范围内。

Unchanged nominal rates would be ever more restrictive in real terms (assuming that inflationary expectations diminish alongside waning price pressures).

保持不变的名义利率将实际上变得更有抑制性(假设通胀预期逐渐降低，同时价格压力也逐渐减弱)。

In April Haruhiko Kuroda, the governor of the BoJ, had said the bank would encourage further falls in nominal interest rates.

4月，日本央行(BOJ)行长黑田东彦宣称，日本央行将支持名义利率的进一步下跌。

I mean, where we are today, 5 per cent nominal rates.

我的意思是， 我们今天的名义利率是 5%。

It applies when nominal interest rates or risk-free returns exceed nominal growth.

它适用于名义利率或无风险回报超过名义增长率的情况。

Since the end of 2009, nominal growth has been higher than nominal rates.

自 2009 年底以来，名义增长率一直高于名义利率。

Nominal growth is forecast to be just 3.7%, well below nominal rates of around 5.2%.

名义增长率预计仅为 3.7%，远低于 5.2% 左右的名义增长率。

Moreover, if such a situation were to arise, it would mean that the public authority itself could borrow through the banking system on an unlimited scale at a nominal rate of interest.

此外，如果出现这种情况，则意味着公共当局本身可以通过银行系统以名义利率无限制地借款。