In Parkinson's, these darkened areas of substantia nigra gradually disappear.

患有帕金森时，黑质的深色区域逐渐消失。

The substantia nigra actually can be split into two sub-regions.

黑质可以被分为两个亚区：First， there’s the pars reticulata， which receives signals from another part of the basal ganglia called the striatum 纹状体， which is a term for the caudate and putamen put together， and relays messages to the thalamus via neurons rich in the neurotransmitter GABA， also known as gamma-aminobutyric acid. 首先是网状部，可以接受基底节另一部分纹状体发来的信号；纹状体由尾状核和壳核组成，可以通过富含神经递质GABA的神经元传递信号到丘脑，其中GABA即γ－氨基丁酸。

No matter the cause is, Parkinson's derives from the death of dopamine-producing, or dopaminergic, neurons in the substantia nigra.

无论如何，帕金森源于黑质中生产多巴胺的神经（即多巴胺能神经）死亡。

One was the substantia nigra pars compacta.

一种是黑质致密部。

Now, Parkinson's disease develops when the neurons connecting the substantia nigra to the striatum progressively degenerate.

现在，当连接黑质的神经元纹状体逐渐退化。

The misfolded alpha-synuclein aggregates to form Lewy bodies that deposit inside neurons, particularly in the cortex and the substantia nigra.

错误折叠的α-突触核蛋白聚集形成路易小体，沉积在神经元中，尤其是在皮层和黑质中。

The substantia nigra is a part of the basal ganglia, a collection of brain regions that control movement through their connections with the motor cortex.

黑质是基底节的一部分；基底节是大脑几个区域的集合，通过与运动皮质的连接来控制动作。

Under a microscope, Lewy bodies, which are eosinophilic, round inclusions made of alpha-synuclein protein are present in the affected substantia nigra neurons before they die.

显微镜下，路易小体——即由α突触核蛋白构成的嗜酸性包含体，可在受损的黑质神经元死亡前，于细胞内被观察到。

In contrast, neurons in a section of the midbrain called the substantia nigra are in charge of initiating movement and other motor function.

相形之下，中脑有一个区域叫做黑质，黑质神经元负责运动的设计启动以及其他运动功能。

Therefore, when substantia nigra pars compacta neurons die, the individual may be in a hypokinetic or low movement state which is commonly seen in Parkinson's.

因此，当黑质致密部神经元死亡时，患者可能会处于运动减弱的状态，可常见于帕金森病。