岛鼯（Nesophonts），是哺乳纲鼩形目的一种已灭绝的动物，被归类为岛鼯科、岛鼯属。全科只有一个属，辖下有9个品种，皆已绝种。这些动物在古巴、伊斯帕尼奥拉岛(即今日的多米尼加共和国及海地两个的所在地)、波多黎各及开曼群岛皆为特有种。虽然我们没有这些动物的准确估计，但普遍相信当牠们能够从更新世大灭绝(Pleistocene extinctions)活过来，因为学者在老鼠和大鼠的遗骸当中亦找到牠们的遗骸。由于西班牙商船估计在16世纪初期(即1500年之后)到达加勒比海，相信大鼠和老鼠亦是透过这些商船来到这些岛屿，时间上与牠们灭绝的时间吻合。不过，亦有其他学者（例如：Morgan and Woods）声称有部份品种在20世纪初期依然存活。岛鼯的主要食粮是昆虫。

The members of the genus Nesophontes, sometimes called West Indies shrews, were members of the extinct family of mammals Nesophontidae in the order Soricomorpha. This is the only genus described for this family. They were endemic to Cuba, Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Cayman Islands. Although reliable estimates are unavailable, these animals are widely believed to have survived the Pleistocene extinction since remains have been found among those of Rattus and Mus species. Some authorities estimate extinction coinciding with the arrivals of rats (Rattus) aboard Spanish vessels in the early 16th century (1500). Others, such as Morgan and Woods, claim that some species survived until the early 20th century. Their relations to the other West Indian soricomorphs, the solenodons, remain unclear.