梅兰妮·克莱因（（Melanie Klein，1882年3月30日－1960年9月22日），英国精神分析学家，生于维也纳，主要贡献为对儿童精神分析以及客体关系理论的发展。

Melanie Reizes Klein (30 March 1882 – 22 September 1960) was an Austrian-British psychoanalyst who devised novel therapeutic techniques for children that had an impact on child psychology and contemporary psychoanalysis. She was a leading innovator in theorizing object relations theory.