玻基辉橄岩（英语：limburgite）是一种超基性暗绿色熔岩，常与碱性玄武岩伴生。岩石具斑状和似斑状结构，斑晶为橄榄石和含钛普通辉石，基质为黄褐色玻璃或由含钛辉石、金属矿物和少量斜长石组成的微晶集合体。当岩石中辉石含量超过橄榄石时可过渡为玻基辉石岩。苦橄岩是橄榄岩的浅成－喷出相。主要产状是岩床、岩墙等小侵入体，其次是玄武质熔岩下部堆晶相。主要由橄榄石（含量为50-70%）和辉石组成。辉石多为普通辉石、含钛普通辉石，有时也出现铬透辉石、斜方辉石、基性斜长石、棕色角闪石、云母和金属矿物，偶尔见磷灰石。玻基辉橄岩具有微晶结构、粒状结构、嵌晶结构、填间结构等。当苦橄岩具斑状结构时则过渡为苦橄玢岩。

In petrology, limburgite is a dark-colored volcanic rock resembling basalt in appearance, but containing normally no feldspar. The name derives from the type locality the Limberg or the Limburg, close to Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl in Baden-Württemberg, where they occur in the well-known rock of the Kaiserstuhl. They consist essentially of olivine and augite with a brownish glassy groundmass. The augite may be green, but more commonly is brown or violet; the olivine is usually pale green or colourless, but is sometimes yellow. Within the groundmass a second generation of small euhedral augites frequently occurs; more rarely olivine is present also as an ingredient of the matrix. The principal accessory minerals are ilmenite and apatite. Feldspar though sometimes present, is never abundant, and nepheline also is unusual. In some limburgites large phenocrysts of dark brown hornblende and biotite are found, mostly with irregular borders blackened by resorption; in others there are large crystals of anorthoclase. Hauyne is an ingredient of some of the limburgites of the Cape Verde Islands.- Rocks of this group occur in considerable numbers in Germany (Rhine district) and in Bohemia, also in Scotland, Auvergne, Spain, Africa (Kilimanjaro) and Brazil. They are associated principally with basalts, nepheline and leucite basalts and monchiquites. From the last-named rocks the limburgites are not easily separated as the two classes bear a very close resemblance in structure and in mineral composition, though many authorities believe that the ground mass of the monchiquites is not a glass but crystalline analcite. Limburgites may occur as flows, as sills or dykes, and are sometimes highly vesicular. Closely allied to them are the augitites, which are distinguished only by the absence of olivine; examples are known from Bohemia, Auvergne, the Canary Islands and Ireland.