帆蜥鱼科是辐鳍鱼纲仙女鱼目的其中一科。

本科鱼类分布在全球三大洋热带至温带海域，属于深海鱼类。

For the United States Navy submarine, see USS Lancetfish (SS-296)

Lancetfishes are large oceanic predatory fishes in the genus Alepisaurus ("scaleless lizard"), the only living genus in the family Alepisauridae.

Lancetfishes grow up to 2 m (6.6 ft) in length. Very little is known about their biology, though they are widely distributed in all oceans, except the polar seas. Specimens have been recorded as far north as Greenland. They are often caught as bycatch for vessels long-lining for tuna.