约瑟夫·斯万(1828 – 1914)，英国物理学家，化学家，发明家。斯万最为著名的事迹是在1878年获得第一个白炽灯专利。他的居所是世界第一个用电灯照明的私人住所。

1860年，约瑟夫·斯万发明了白炽灯的原型——半真空碳丝电灯，由于当时真空技术的限制，导致电灯寿命不够长。1875年，斯万改进了他的发明。1878年，斯万早于爱迪生一年获得白炽灯专利权。由于专利方面的争议，1883年，约瑟夫·斯万与托马斯·爱迪生一起成立了Ediswan电灯公司。1894年，约瑟夫·斯万成为英国皇家学会会员。

Sir Joseph Wilson Swan, D.Sc.h.c., FRS (31 October 1828 – 27 May 1914) was a British physicist and chemist. He is most famous for his role in the development of the first incandescent light bulb.

Swan first demonstrated the light bulb at a lecture in Newcastle upon Tyne on 18 December 1878, but he did not receive a patent until 27 November 1880 (patent No. 4933) after improvement to the original lamp. His house (in Gateshead, England) was the first in the world to be lit by lightbulb, and the world's first electric-light illumination in a public building was for a lecture Swan gave in 1880. In 1881, the Savoy Theatre in the City of Westminster, London, was lit by Swan incandescent lightbulbs, the first theatre and the first public building in the world to be lit entirely by electricity.