乌玛（阿拉伯语：أمة‎、Ummah），本意为“民族”，引申为“社区”。但乌玛不同于“萨本”（阿拉伯语：شعب‎、Sha'b），后者指拥有共同祖先和地理的民族。理论上所有跨国界的穆斯林同属拥有共同历史的乌玛成员，而非西方人的民族国家意义的同一民族。622年9月24日圣迁后，穆罕默德以麦地那作为根据地，号召穆斯林创建起组织严密的、为伊斯兰而奋斗的武装社团，乌玛概念为伊斯兰教的胜利发展和创建统一的民族国家奠定了基础。现代泛伊斯兰主义者口中的乌玛，正是指“共信者的联邦”（أمة المؤمنين‎ ummat al-muʼminīn）。

Ummah (Arabic:أمة‎) is an Arabic word meaning "community". It is distinguished from Sha'b (Arabic:شعب‎) which means a nation with common ancestry or geography. Thus, it can be said to be a supra-national community with a common history.

It is a synonym for ummat al-Islamiyah (Arabic:الأمة الإسلامية‎) (the Islamic Community), and it is commonly used to mean the collective community of Islamic peoples. In the Quran the ummah typically refers to a single group that shares common religious beliefs, specifically those that are the objects of a divine plan of salvation. In the context of Pan-Islamism and politics, the word Ummah can be used to mean the concept of a Commonwealth of the Believers (أمة المؤمنين ummat al-mu'minīn).