But one of the most influential is the Indian Ocean Dipole, or the IOD.

但其中最具影响力的是印度洋偶极子，即 IOD 。

When the IOD is neutral, the surface water in the Indian Ocean is evenly warm.

当印度洋偶极子是中性时，印度洋的地表水是均匀温暖的。

But as the planet continues to warm, some scientists are concerned about how that might affect weather phenomenons like the IOD.

但是随着地球持续变暖，一些科学家担心这会如何影响像 IOD 这样的天气现象。

The positive IOD was one of the strongest on record, with the water temperature difference between Africa and Australia being unusually high.

阳性的印度洋偶极子是有记录以来最强的之一，非洲和澳大利亚之间的水温差异非常大。

One study predicts positive IODs, like what we're seeing now, could happen more frequently as global temperatures rise and warm the Indian Ocean.

一项研究预测，随着全球气温上升和印度洋变暖，像我们现在看到的这种阳性 IOD 可能会更频繁地发生。

The good news is the IOD is already shifting to neutral which should bring some much needed relief to Australia and Africa in early 2020.

好消息是 IOD 已经转向中性，这将在2020年初为澳大利亚和非洲带来一些急需的缓解。

The IOD is a big temperature gradient that affects the surface water in the Indian Ocean, from the edge of Africa to the edge of Australia.

IOD 是一个很大的温度梯度，影响着从非洲边缘到澳大利亚边缘的印度洋地表水。