A scientific law predicts the results of certain initial conditions.

科学定律可以预测在特定初始 情况下可能出现的结果。

To forecast weather, meteorologists need to measure the atmosphere's initial conditions.

要预报天气，气象学家需要观测大气的初始条件。

But until recently, we have had little idea about the initial conditions for the universe.

可直至最近，我们仍对宇宙初生当时的周围条件不甚了解。

However, this division into laws of evolution and initial conditions depends on time and space being separate and distinct.

然而，演化规律及初始条件的分界取决于“时空分明”的概念。

These balloons carry instruments called radiosondes, which measure initial conditions and transmit their findings to international weather centers.

这些气球带着称作无线电探空仪的仪器，会观测初始条件，然后把结果传输到各个国际气象中心。

In it was a series of equations describing how complex shapes like these can arise spontaneously from simple initial conditions.

其中有一系列方程，描述了像这样的复杂形状如何从简单的初始条件自发产生。

Thus disorder will tend to increase with time if the system obeys an initial condition of high order.

因此，如果系统服从高阶初始条件，则无序度会随时间增加。

These initial conditions in the history of both planets look so similar that it seems reasonable to expect that this could eventually lead to life.

这两颗行星历史上的初始条件看起来非常相似，因此我们有理由认为，这最终可能会导致生命的出现。

There may be a large number of models of the universe with different initial conditions that all obey the laws.

宇宙中可能存在大量初始条件不同的模型，它们都服从定律。

Here was biology, with no intervention from me other than designing initial conditions for growth, efficiently producing a useful, sustainable material.

这是生物学， 除了设计生长的初始条件，有效地生产有用的、可持续的材料外， 我没有任何干预。

Chaos theory is the description of large complex systems and how small differences in initial conditions can lead to very different final outcomes.

混沌理论描述的是大型复杂系统以及初始条件的微小差异如何导致非常不同的最终结果。

You've learned how to calculate an equilibrium constant, Keq. You've learned how to calculate the equilibrium conditions of reactions just from knowing their initial conditions.

您已经学习了如何计算平衡常数 Keq。您已经学会了如何通过了解反应的初始条件来计算反应的平衡条件。

So the disorder of the pieces will probably increase with time if the pieces obey the initial condition that they start off in a condition of high order.

因此，如果棋子服从以高序状态开始的初始条件，则棋子的无序度可能会随着时间的推移而增加。

) It is difficult to see how such chaotic initial conditions could have given rise to a universe that is so smooth and regular on a large scale as ours is today.

) 很难看出如此混乱的初始条件如何能够产生像我们今天这样大范围内如此光滑和规则的宇宙。

If this is the case, a universe that developed from some sort of random initial conditions should contain a number of regions that are smooth and uniform and are suitable for the evolution of intelligent life.

如果是这样的话，从某种随机初始条件发展而来的宇宙应该包含许多光滑均匀的区域，适合智能生命的进化。

To do so they ran over 2,000 numerical simulations with the same exact initial conditions except for one difference: the distance between Mercury and the Sun,modified by less than a millimeter from one simulation to the next.

为此，他们在完全相同的初始条件下运行了 2,000 多次数值模拟，除了一个差异：水星与太阳之间的距离，从一次模拟到下一次模拟的修改不到一毫米。