网格计算通过利用大量异构计算机（通常为台式机）的未用资源（CPU周期和磁盘存储），将其作为嵌入在分布式电信基础设施中的一个虚拟的计算机集群，为解决大规模的计算问题提供一个模型。网格计算的焦点放在支持跨管理域计算的能力，这使它与传统的计算机集群或传统的分布式计算相区别。

网格计算的设计目标是：解决对于任何单一的超级计算机来说，仍然大得难以解决的问题，并同时保持解决多个较小的问题的灵活性。这样，网格计算就提供了一个多用户环境。它的第二个目标就是：更好的利用可用计算力，迎合大型的计算练习的断断续续的需求。

Grid computing is the collection of computer resources from multiple locations to reach a common goal. The grid can be thought of as a distributed system with non-interactive workloads that involve a large number of files. Grid computing is distinguished from conventional high performance computing systems such as cluster computing in that grid computers have each node set to perform a different task/application. Grid computers also tend to be more heterogeneous and geographically dispersed (thus not physically coupled) than cluster computers. Although a single grid can be dedicated to a particular application, commonly a grid is used for a variety of purposes. Grids are often constructed with general-purpose grid middleware software libraries. Grid sizes can be quite large.