冰河，或称冰河（拉丁语: glaciarium；英语，法语: glacier；德语: Gletscher），是指大量冰块堆积形成如同河川般的地理景观。是一巨大的流动固体，是在高寒地区由层层积雪堆叠而成的巨大冰川冰。在终年冰封的高山或两极地区，多年的积雪经重力或冰河之间的压力，沿斜坡向下滑形成冰川。受重力作用而移动的冰河称为山岳冰河或谷冰河，而受冰河之间的压力作用而移动的则称为大陆冰河或冰帽。两极地区的冰川又名大陆冰川，覆盖范围较广，是冰河时期遗留下来的。冰川是地球上最大的淡水资源，也是地球上继海洋以后最大的天然水库。七大洲都有冰川。(澳大利亚的冰川都在岛屿上，不在大陆上。)

A glacier (US /ˈɡleɪʃər/ or UK /ˈɡlæsiə/) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation (melting and sublimation) over many years, often centuries. Glaciers slowly deform and flow due to stresses induced by their weight, creating crevasses, seracs, and other distinguishing features. They also abrade rock and debris from their substrate to create landforms such as cirques and moraines. Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that form on the surface of bodies of water.