Anabelian geometry
Anabelian geometry is a proposed theory in mathematics, describing the way the algebraic fundamental group G of an algebraic variety V, or some related geometric object, determines how V can be mapped into another geometric object W, under the assumption that G is very far from being an abelian group, in a sense to be made more precise. The word anabelian (an alpha privative an- before abelian) was introduced in Esquisse d'un Programme, an influential manuscript of Alexander Grothendieck, circulated in the 1980s.