形式科学是指主要研究对象为抽象形态的科学，如逻辑、数学、计算理论、信息论、统计学等。

• 抽象化
  • 实体抽象化
  • 严格抽象化
• 抽象结构
• 数学内的抽象化
• 计算机科学内的抽象化

Formal sciences are disciplines concerned with formal systems, such as logic, mathematics, statistics, theoretical computer science, information theory, game theory, systems theory, decision theory and portions of linguistics and economics. Whereas the natural sciences seek to characterize physical systems, the formal sciences are concerned with characterizing abstract structures described by sign systems. The formal sciences aid the natural sciences by providing information about the structures the latter use to describe the world, and what inferences may be made about them.