When these fuse, the result breaks into three alpha particles.

当这些融合时，结果分裂成三个阿尔法粒子。

Now alpha particles have relatively low energy, they're pretty heavy as particles go.

现在 alpha 粒子的能量相对较低， 随着粒子的移动， 它们非常重。

Rutherford and his colleagues fired alpha particles, which are positively charged, at thin gold foil.

卢瑟福和他的同事们向薄金箔发射带正电的 α 粒子。

U-238 spontaneously decays in to thorium-234, in a process that releases something called an alpha particle.

U-238 自发衰变成钍 234， 在此过程中释放出一种叫做 α 粒子的东西。

So most of the alpha particles did pass straight through the foil.

所以大多数 α 粒子确实直接穿过箔片。

But, to Rutherford’s surprise, some alpha particles were deflected.

但是，令卢瑟福惊讶的是，一些阿尔法粒子发生了偏转。

For example, if the parent nucleus is radium, it would decay into radon and emit a single alpha particle.

例如，如果母核是镭，它会衰变为氡并发射单个 α 粒子。

Rutherford would later discover that if he bombarded nitrogen with alpha particles, it created a bunch of hydrogen ions.

卢瑟福后来发现， 如果他用 α 粒子轰击氮气，它会产生一堆氢离子。

The alpha particles emitted by uranium and thorium were energetic and ionizing enough to create electron hole pairs in the silicone.

铀和钍发射的阿尔法粒子能量大， 电离性强， 足以在硅中形成电子空穴对。

This reaction yields something less than the sum of its parts, for an alpha particle is lighter than four free protons.

这个反应产生的东西小于其各部分的总和，因为一个 alpha 粒子比四个自由质子轻。